What is the real unemployment rate? Your questions about that shocking jobs report, answered

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The shock of Friday’s U.S. jobs report is still rippling through economic circles, politics and financial markets.

The 2.5 million increase in payrolls and decline in the unemployment rate—albeit to a still-sky-high 13.3%—confounded expectations for another sharp deterioration in both measures.

Beyond how economists flubbed the forecasts, the report has spurred many other questions, from how to reconcile the figures with jobless-claims numbers showing about 9 million more claiming unemployment insurance benefits, to what to make of a recurring data-collection issue